Hidden hunger: A silent crisis

Despite progress in reducing poverty and improving food security, Bangladesh still faces hidden hunger - a deficiency in essential vitamins and minerals. Unlike visible starvation, this malnutrition remains masked by diets that provide enough calories but lack nutrients. This silent crisis threatens public health, economic growth, and sustainable development.

Hidden hunger affects women and children the most. According to the Global Nutrition Report, iron, vitamin A, iodine, and zinc deficiencies are widespread. Around 50 per cent of pregnant women suffer from anemia, increasing risks of maternal mortality and impaired newborn development. Vitamin A deficiency weakens immune systems, while iodine deficiency continues to hinder brain development in children.

Economic impact of these is severe. The World Bank estimates that micronutrient deficiencies can reduce GDP by up to 5.0 per cent due to lower productivity and higher healthcare costs. Although Bangladesh is nearly self-sufficient in staple crops like rice, dietary diversity remains low, forcing low-income families to rely on nutrient-poor diets.

Food fortification efforts, such as iodized salt and fortified oil, have not yet reached all communities due to weak enforcement and limited awareness. To tackle hidden hunger, Bangladesh must prioritise nutrition-sensitive agriculture, promoting bio-fortified crops like zinc-rich rice and vitamin A-enriched sweet potatoes. Strengthening food fortification policies and improving consumer education are also crucial.

Social programmes should integrate nutrition-focused interventions, such as school feeding and maternal health initiatives. Conditional cash transfers linked to better diets could help vulnerable populations make healthier food choices. Addressing hidden hunger is not just a health issue but a national priority. Only through bold policies, sustained investments, and widespread awareness can the country secure a healthier and more productive future.

Raisa Mehzabeen

Founder and CEO

Nutrition For Change