FE Report
Speakers at a conference on Saturday emphasised that democratic governance in Bangladesh requires a multi-dimensional approach, incorporating constitutional safeguards, inclusive policymaking, and robust civic engagement.
They underscored that while political transitions create opportunities for reform, long-term democratic consolidation hinges on sustained public participation and institutional resilience.
They made a call to policymakers, civil society, and citizens to work collaboratively in shaping a democratic future for Bangladesh, ensuring that governance structures are not only legally sound but also socially inclusive and politically sustainable.
The thought-provoking panel discussion on "Democratic Governance in Post-Insurrection Bangladesh: Pathways to Inclusive Reforms" was held on the second day of the 8th SANEM Annual Economists' Conference 2025 in the city.
Professor Rounaq Jahan opened the session by emphasising the importance of inclusive governance in consolidating democracy.
She noted that while legal and institutional reforms are crucial, the deeper challenge lies in dismantling entrenched political cultures that hinder democratic progress.
She underscored the necessity of public trust and active civic engagement in sustaining democratic practices.
Dr Mirza M Hassan presented an analytical framework for democratic resilience, arguing that genuine democracy extends beyond electoral processes.
He proposed structural mechanisms to prevent autocratic resurgence, including the establishment of independent commissions with citizen oversight.
He also recommended a bicameral legislature featuring a non-political upper chamber composed of civil society representatives to ensure balanced governance.
"Democracy is not just about elections; it is about creating institutional structures that empower citizens beyond the ballot box," he asserted.
Dr Ali Riaz explored constitutional reform, stressing the need for checks and balances to prevent institutional capture by political elites.
He discussed potential mechanisms for greater political accountability, including the possibility of recalling elected representatives who fail to uphold democratic principles.
"Accountability mechanisms must extend beyond elections to ensure political leaders remain answerable to the people," he remarked.
Barrister Sara Hossain addressed the barriers to inclusive participation, particularly for marginalised communities.
She highlighted the systemic obstacles faced by women, ethnic minorities, and individuals from disadvantaged socio-economic backgrounds in engaging with political processes.
She called for reforms that ensure broader representation in policymaking institutions and stressed the importance of safeguarding fundamental rights through an independent judiciary.
Ruhin Hossain Prince examined the socio-economic dimensions of democratic governance, pointing out the persistent inequalities that fuel political discontent.
He argued that economic disparities must be addressed through participatory governance at the local level.
"Local governments should be empowered to function independently, allowing the central parliament to focus on broader legislative duties," he suggested.
Dr Asif M Shahan emphasised the role of institutional bargaining in democratic reform. He argued that meaningful change requires a balance between political pragmatism and democratic principles.
"Reform is a process of negotiation that demands strategic compromise and an understanding of power dynamics," he noted.
Sarwar Tusher critiqued the failures of past political settlements, attributing them to the self-serving interests of political elites.
He stressed the need for a broad-based civic movement to demand substantive reforms, rather than mere political transitions.
He warned against repeating past mistakes and advocated for sustained civic engagement to ensure democratic consolidation.
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