Reality behind snake rumours

Bangladesh, a country with rich biodiversity, is home to a variety of snake species, including some of the world's most venomous. Among these, the Russell's Viper (Daboia russelii) has recently drawn attention due to numerous rumors about its presence and the threat it poses to the population.
The Russell's Viper is a highly venomous snake found across the Indian subcontinent, Southeast Asia, and parts of China and Taiwan. Named after Patrick Russell, a Scottish herpetologist, this snake is known for its distinctive chain-like pattern of dark brown spots on a lighter background. It typically measures between 4.0 to 5.5 feet in length and attacks only when threatened.
The venom of the Russell's Viper is a complex mixture of enzymes and toxins that affect blood coagulation, leading to severe pain, swelling, and in extreme cases, organ failure and death. The mortality rate from untreated bites is high. So, the need for immediate medical attention and access to anti-venom is crucial.
Recent rumors in Bangladesh have exaggerated the threat posed by Russell's Vipers, leading to widespread fear and sometimes panic. Social media platforms have played a significant role in spreading these rumors.
However, experts argue that while the Russell's Viper is indeed dangerous, the actual risk of encountering one is relatively low with proper precautions. Most snake bites occur due to accidental encounters. To minimise the risk of snakebites, particularly in rural and agricultural areas, the following precautions are recommended.
Wear protective clothing such as boots and long pants to help prevent snake bites when working in fields or walking through tall grass. Be cautious at night and use a flashlight to check your path and surroundings. Keep your living area clean because reducing rodent populations can help keep snakes away. Educate the community with awareness programmes about snake behaviour and first aid to save lives. In case of a snake bite, it is crucial to stay calm and immobilise the affected limb to slow the spread of venom. Do not attempt to suck out the venom or apply ice. Avoid traditional remedies as they can often do more harm than good.
Abul Bashar Meraz
Senior Monitoring Officer, APCU, PARTNER
Bangladesh Agricultural Research Council, Farmgate, Dhaka
[email protected]