Tapping the potential of wind energy

The war in the Middle East has exposed deep vulnerabilities of Bangladesh's energy sector, which remains overwhelmingly dependent on imported fossil fuels to meet nearly 95 per cent of its energy demand. The global volatility in fuel prices triggered by geopolitical conflicts has made it clear that such excessive reliance on imports and conventional energy sources is neither economically sustainable nor strategically secure for the country. In response, the government has accelerated efforts to explore domestic gas reserves and expand renewable-energy generation as a practical means to reducing import dependence. Solar power is the largest renewable-energy source in Bangladesh. However, it still contributes less than 3.0 per cent of total electricity generation. Experts therefore argue that alongside expanding solar capacity, Bangladesh must also tap into the untapped potential of wind energy. In this context, the unveiling of draft guidelines for onshore wind-power-project development is a timely initiative to diversify and strengthen the country's energy mix.
Bangladesh currently generates only 62 megawatts of electricity from wind resources. Experts believe that there is a scope for expanding wind-based electricity generation across the country. A detailed study conducted in 2018 by the US Department of Energy's National Renewable Energy Laboratory estimated that Bangladesh has the potential to generate at least 30,000 megawatts of electricity from wind energy. Vast stretches of the country's 710-kilometre coastline, the Sundarbans region, Saint Martin's Island and hilly areas are considered suitable for installing wind turbines. Earlier wind mapping carried out by the Sustainable and Renewable Energy Development Authority (SREDA) also found that these regions possess sufficient wind speeds for utility-scale electricity generation. With proper policy support and investment, the country can transform the gusty wind into a reliable source of clean and environment-friendly energy.
To this end, the draft guidelines for developing onshore wind-power projects is a step in the right direction as part of the government's broader push to expand renewable energy. Under the Renewable Energy Policy 2025, Bangladesh aims to generate 20 per cent of its total energy from renewable sources by 2030 and 30 per cent by 2040. The proposed guideline seeks to establish a transparent, technically sound and financially viable framework for wind-power development by setting technical, environmental and regulatory standards in line with international norms. Under the guidelines, the government will facilitate land allocation for private-sector renewable-energy projects, while developers will be required to ensure lawful land use, secure environmental clearances and confirm grid connectivity before commencing construction. Developers receiving government land or site clearance will have up to three years to begin project commissioning.
However, the success of the wind-energy ambitions will largely depend on effective implementation of the proposed policies and sustained political commitment. The country has often announced ambitious energy plans that later suffered from bureaucratic delays, lack of coordination and inadequate investment. So, the government must ensure transparent project approval processes, improved grid infrastructure and incentives to attract both local and foreign investment in the sector. At the same time, environmental safeguards and community interests must not be overlooked in the rush for development. If implemented properly, wind power can emerge as a vital pillar of Bangladesh's renewable-energy transition, reducing dependence on imported fuels while strengthening energy security, protecting the environment and supporting long-term economic growth. The country now has an opportunity to turn its natural wind resources into a strategic asset for a cleaner, greener and more resilient future.