When fluid builds up in brain

Hydrocephalus is a condition in which excessive fluid accumulates in the brain, causing the head to become larger than usual. It might occur at birth or develop later in adulthood. If left untreated, it can impair brain development and cause major physical and mental health problems. Early diagnosis and therapy are essential for successfully managing this illness.
Sharifa, an 8-month-old baby, appears to have an exceptionally huge skull for her age. Her mother noted that the soft regions of her skull were spongy, and when softly squeezed, it felt like there was water behind the bones. Her eyes gradually grew smaller and slid inward. Despite seeing multiple doctors, her head continued to grow, leaving her mother concerned and confused what to do.
Urbashi, a 15-year-old, battles with memory issues and academic performance. When she was five months old, her parents observed her head expanding abnormally. They took her to the doctor, who diagnosed her with hydrocephalus and suggested surgery. During the procedure, physicians inserted a tiny tube called a VP shunt beneath her skin. This device helped drain excess fluid from her brain to her abdomen, where it could be absorbed by her body. Urbashi grew up healthier as a result of the surgery, but she now has some mental health issues that necessitate continuous treatment.
Hydrocephalus happens when fluid builds up in the brain instead of flowing out normally. This causes the head to grow too large, especially in babies. If untreated, it can damage the brain and stop it from developing properly.
The main treatment for hydrocephalus is VP shunt surgery. In this procedure, a small, flexible tube is placed inside the head to drain the fluid into the abdomen. This relieves pressure on the brain and stops further damage.
Regular doctor visits are necessary to check if the shunt is working properly. Parents should follow up with MRI scans as advised. Delaying treatment can lead to long-term issues, so early action is vital.
Hydrocephalus can be managed successfully if treated early. While the thought of surgery may seem scary, the procedure is safe and can greatly improve a child's quality of life. Awareness, timely intervention, and follow-up care are crucial to giving children with hydrocephalus a chance at a healthy future.
Dr. Md. Sayed Inam
Associate Professor, Psychiatry
Sylhet Medical College
[email protected]