VAT deducted at source: Changes and challenges

An article with the above title authored by Mr. Imrul Ehsan and published in the 'Views and Reviews' page of the Financial Express on September 01, 2019 has attracted my attention. Although the title of the article refers to 'Withholding VAT', it deals with the principles of VAT, i.e., the...

Artificial intelligence: Wolf in sheep clothing?

Artificial intelligence (AI) reflects a mixture of algorithms and intelligence. In essence it is intelligence both applied to mathematical equations and derived from stored formulas. Ever since John von Neumann played around with his 'parlour games' in the late 1920s, then, with Oskar Morgenstern postulated 'game theory' to help the...