The people of Bangladesh recently endured the longest heat wave in their history, with temperatures in some areas surpassing 42 degrees Celsius. This extreme heat led to numerous fatalities from heat stroke, and the capital, Dhaka, was severely affected.
Scientists warn that the frequency and intensity of heat waves will likely increase in the near future. A study from the British magazine Economist predicts that by 2030, Dhaka will rank sixth among the cities most affected by heat waves globally, with Dubai in the United Arab Emirates topping the list. Following Dubai, the cities expected to be most impacted are Cairo in Egypt, New Delhi in India, Bangkok in Thailand, Jakarta in Indonesia, and then Dhaka.
Global warming and climate change are driving worldwide temperature increases, exacerbated in some regions by local factors. Two studies on Dhaka have identified specific reasons for the city's rising temperatures. One study highlighted 25 areas in Dhaka as "heat islands," where temperatures are significantly higher. Another study pointed to rapid population growth, the loss of green spaces and water bodies, and the proliferation of brick and stone constructions as key factors. Additionally, activities like cooking, air conditioning, and vehicle emissions contribute further to the heat.
The continuous reduction of green cover, coupled with rampant urban development, leaves little opportunity for the environment to cool down. This escalating heat poses severe public health risks. Dhaka, already ranked at the bottom of the list of liveable cities worldwide, faces increasing challenges as one of the worst cities to live in due to these conditions.
There should be a master plan for the environmental development of the capital involving urban planners, horticulturists, and other relevant experts. Efforts should include planting large and small trees wherever space allows, preserving canals, rivers, ponds, and reservoirs, and developing walkways and green belts along riverbanks. Overall, coordinated efforts are crucial to mitigate the effects of rising temperatures and to improve the quality of life in Dhaka.
Atif Azam
Student
East West University
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