'Injectable bone' helps fractures

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A material that can be squirted into broken bones, where it hardens within minutes, has been developed by UK scientists, reports BBC.
The toothpaste-like substance forms a biodegradeable scaffold over which the body's own bone grows.
Its makers, from Nottingham University, said it could help remove the need for painful bone grafts in many cases.
They are working to start clinical trials in the UK, and expect it to be used in the US within 18 months.
The "injectable bone" won a prestigious medical innovation award last week, and is the brainchild of Professor Kevin Shakesheff, from the University of Nottingham. Its advantage over traditional bone cements is in the hardening process.
While conventional cements give off heat as they harden, killing surrounding cells, and making them unusable in some parts of the body, this polymer does not.
The material has the texture of toothpaste at room temperature, and when it rises to body temperature, this is enough to trigger the hardening reaction.
Professor Shakesheff said it was easy to inject into the right part of the body without a surgical incision, unlike bone grafts, which use bone taken from another part of the patient's body, such as the hip, to plug a damaged gap.
Some limitations remain - even though the polymer is as hard as bone within minutes, the join between itself and old bone is weaker, and a leg fracture fixed this way would still need metal pins to stop it shearing apart when the patient tried to walk.
However, he said that the lack of heat as the substance set meant that it could potentially be used in other applications where a tough scaffold was needed to support the growth of new cells. This could one day even stretch to other damaged areas such as the heart, he said.
Mr. Andy Goldberg, a consultant orthopaedic surgeon at the Nuffield Orthopaedic Centre in Oxford, and a co-founder of the Medical Futures awards, which honoured the invention last week, said: "This technology has fantastic potential.