The interim government has taken the commendable initiative of "Zero Soil" to reduce air pollution caused by dust. Covering exposed soil with green vegetation can significantly reduce dust generation, thereby helping to minimise air pollution. The question, however, is which crops are most suitable for quickly covering the soil with minimal maintenance?
In Bangladesh, we have several common cover crops such as clover, vetch, cowpea, rye, Lojjaboti (Mimosa pudica), sunn hemp, and many others. Leguminous cover crops not only help reduce soil dust but also improve soil health by conserving moisture, suppressing weed growth, and fixing atmospheric nitrogen. Similarly, grasses like rye protect the soil surface from wind and provide ground cover by binding soil particles through their root systems.
Mimosa pudica, locally known as Lojjaboti, is another excellent option. It grows quickly and has a dense, sprawling habit that effectively covers the ground. Its extensive root system helps stabilise the soil and prevent erosion, especially on sloped areas like canal banks. When in bloom, its elegant, pink, button-like flowers also enhance the aesthetic appeal of the landscape.
Sunn hemp is a fast-growing summer legume that produces a significant amount of biomass. Its vibrant yellow flowers not only attract pollinators such as honeybees but also create a visually pleasing environment, particularly on road medians. The road islands can be planted with different cover crops, selected according to the size and shape of the open space.
Cover crops act as living mulches, enhancing soil fertility by adding organic matter. Therefore, from an environmental perspective, the "Zero Soil" initiative is both practical and sustainable. To ensure its long-term success, the Department of Agricultural Extension (DAE) and the Arboriculture Wing of the Roads and Highways Department may consider partnering with the Dhaka North City Corporation (DNCC) and the Department of Forestry. By working together, these agencies can implement the initiative smoothly and effectively contribute to reducing dust pollution in our urban environment.
Md. Refatul Hossain
Additional Director (retd.)
Department of Agricultural Extension (DAE)
Faridpur Region.
