As Bangladesh grapples with the ongoing inflation and the consequent escalation in prices of essential goods, it's imperative to acknowledge and tackle the significant food wastage that intensifies this crisis. Despite being one of the most fertile countries globally, Bangladesh faces the paradox of surplus production alongside persistent concerns over food security. The inefficiencies plaguing the food distribution system, leading to substantial losses at various stages of the supply chain is one of the root causes behind this conundrum.
Annually, between 12-32 per cent of staple foods such as rice, lentils, vegetables, meat, and dairy products are lost during production and distribution. The Food and Agriculture Organisation (FAO) reported in 2023 that Bangladesh produces a staggering 9 crore 33 lakh tons of food yearly, yet it still needs to import 1 crore 25 lakh tons to meet its requirements. This inefficiency is further exemplified by the fact that Bangladesh is the third-largest importer of food globally.
One glaring example is the enormous loss in potato production. According to the same report, approximately 22 per cent of the harvest loses its way to the consumers. Similarly, paddy and wheat, the staples of the Bangladeshi diet, suffer losses of around 17.8 per cent and 17.6 per cent , respectively. Such losses not only strain the economy but also contribute to exacerbating food insecurity among vulnerable populations.
To address this multifaceted challenge, a fundamental shift in the distribution paradigm is essential. One avenue for improvement lies in reevaluating and modernising the traditional distribution system. By leveraging technology and data-driven insights, we can explore various approaches to streamline the delivery process from producers to consumers. This could involve minimising intermediaries, optimising transportation routes, improving storage facilities, and enhancing overall efficiency. Through these efforts, we can significantly reduce wastage and stabilise prices, ultimately making food more accessible and affordable for all segments of society.
New age companies have the potential to innovate solutions to address the pressing issue of food loss and food wastage. It's crucial to recognise that depletion occurs at every stage of the food supply chain, from production to consumption. While implementing a distribution model is one aspect, it's equally important to engage multiple players across the chain to tackle various facets of the problem. By collaborating and implementing targeted interventions, these companies can collectively work towards mitigating food loss and enhancing food security for all. Such an initiative creates an ecosystem that can foster collective action from both the public and private sectors. This opens up opportunities for other organisations in the industry to address other factors causing food loss and ensure better distribution between producers and consumers.
Driving awareness about the magnitude of food depletion and its implications is paramount. It's not just a logistical challenge but a moral imperative to ensure that food, a basic human necessity, reaches those in need. Initiatives aimed at improving infrastructure, investing in cold chain facilities, and promoting sustainable farming practices can further complement the efforts to optimise food distribution.
Moreover, consumers play a pivotal role in this equation. By making informed choices, reducing food waste at the individual level, and supporting initiatives that prioritise efficiency and sustainability, every citizen can contribute to creating a more resilient food system.
Addressing the distribution inefficiencies in Bangladesh's food supply chain is critical to alleviating the inflation crisis and ensuring food security for all. By embracing innovative solutions, fostering collaboration, and raising awareness, we can transform this challenge into an opportunity to build a more equitable and sustainable future. It's time to act decisively and collectively to turn the tide against food waste and pave the way for a brighter tomorrow.
Dr. Hasneen Jahan is Head, Agricultural Economics, Bangladesh Agricultural University. hasneen.jahan@bau.edu.au