Animal cruelty is a criminal offence in Bangladesh, and the country's legal system provides clear mechanisms to address any intentional harm or killing of animals. When such an act takes place, the law allows the authorities to take immediate steps to investigate and prosecute the offender. For new learners and general readers, understanding how these legal provisions operate is essential to knowing what actions the state can take in response to such cruelty.
Bangladesh's primary law on this issue is the Animal Welfare Act, 2019. This Act declares that no person may cause unnecessary pain, suffering, injury or death to any animal. Under this law, intentional killing or torture of an animal is considered a punishable offence. The punishment can include imprisonment for up to six months, a financial penalty up to Tk10,000 or both. This law applies to all animals, including domestic pets, stray animals and animals living in public areas.
The Penal Code of 1860 also plays an important role. Although it is an older law, it still provides significant protection. Under Section 428 of the Penal Code, causing death of or injury to an animal valued below Tak10 can result in up to two years of imprisonment, a fine, or both. Section 429 is stricter: if the animal is valued above Tk 50, the offender may face up to five years of imprisonment, a fine, or both. Dogs, cats and other common animals generally fall under this category due to their minimum market and care value. These sections allow courts to impose more severe punishment when the act is deliberate and results in the death of multiple animals.
If the court finds the accused guilty, penalties may include imprisonment, financial fines or both. In serious cases involving deliberate and repeated cruelty, the court may choose stricter sentencing. Administrative measures may also be taken if the crime is linked to the misuse of government residence or property.
Cruelty to animals is not just a violation of the law; it is a violation of social and ethical values. Every citizen has a duty to protect the animals around them and to report any acts of violence or neglect. Public cooperation is essential in building a humane society where animals are treated with respect and care. Anyone who witnesses such cruelty should immediately inform the nearest police station or local authority so that proper action can be taken under the law.
Md. Nahid Hasan Chowdhury Rifat
Student
Bangladesh University of Professionals